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Mesothelioma Asbestos Lung Cancer Mesothelioma affects the tissues that line the chest cavity, lungs, and, in rare instances, the tissues of the heart and abdomen. The primary reason for mesothelioma is asbestos exposure. Asbestos fibers can get stuck in tissues which can cause DNA damage. This turns cells into mesothelioma-like cancerous cells. Symptoms Mesothelioma is a form of cancer, affects the tissues which connect and protect organs in the body. Exposure to asbestos fibres can cause these cancerous cells to grow into mesothelioma-related tumors. The majority of cases of mesothelioma originate in the lungs (pleura). It can also be found in the linings of the abdomen, the heart and testicles. Chest discomfort, and coughing are the most common symptoms of mesothelioma. In addition, some patients experience abdominal pain, weight loss, and fatigue. These symptoms can be confusing and difficult to identify in the beginning, especially when mesothelioma is still a relatively young disease. It could take years or even decades after exposure to asbestos for mesothelioma-related symptoms to show up. The first step to diagnose mesothelioma is a physical examination and a medical history. A doctor might request blood tests and imaging scans to determine the severity of symptoms. These scans include CT (computer-tomography) scans as well as MRI and PET scans (positron emission Tomography). X-rays may reveal an unusual swelling or fluid inside the lungs. These scans can assist the doctor determine the location of the mesothelioma and the kind of mesothelioma. The two major types of mesothelioma are epithelioid and sarcomatoid. Around 70% of mesothelioma cases are epithelioid. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma, on the other hand, is, and has a worse prognosis than epithelioid mesothelioma. The majority of people diagnosed with pleural mesothelioma have a nonproductive cough, chest wall pain and difficulty breathing. In rare cases, a person suffering from pleural mesothelioma might have an abnormal heart murmur a condition called pericardial effusion, or a swelling of the scrotum (tunica vaginalis). The most accurate way to diagnose mesothelioma is to collect a tissue sample or biopsy, for testing. The type of mesothelioma will also dictate how a doctor will treat the illness. If a patient is diagnosed with pericardial cancer doctors will remove excess fluid with the procedure called pleurodesis, or place an pleural catheter to decrease inflammation and improve respiration. Other treatments include surgery or chemotherapy. Diagnosis Mesothelioma, a form of cancer, develops in the linings of organs called the mesothelium. The majority of cases occur in the lungs. However, it can also occur in the abdomen (peritoneum) or around the testes. It can take between 10 and 50 years for symptoms of mesothelioma or mesothelioma onset. Because of this latency period it is possible for patients to be incorrectly diagnosed. This disease is often misdiagnosed as other, less serious illnesses like the flu or pneumonia. This could result in delays in treatment, which may lower a patient's chances of survival. Anyone who suspects that they might have mesothelioma must consult their physician immediately. At the first appointment, doctors will review a patient's medical history in order to identify any symptoms or factors that could increase the risk of developing mesothelioma. This includes asbestos exposure in the past as well as the nature and duration of the exposure. The doctor will then order imaging tests of the chest and abdomen to determine if there are signs of mesothelioma. Chest X-rays CT scans and MRIs are all able to reveal changes in the lungs, such as pleural thickness or fluid accumulation. They can also tell whether mesothelioma has spread other areas of the body. A doctor might also recommend a test of the blood to determine whether a patient has high levels in certain substances linked to mesothelioma. They may also carry out an operation called a thoracentesis which involves taking out the lungs of fluid and examining for cancerous cells. If a mesothelioma diagnosis is confirmed, a biopsy will be taken to check an insignificant portion of the tumor to detect cancerous cells. VATS (video assisted thoracoscopic surgical) or a needle-guided CT scan can be used to carry out this procedure. The results will help determine which mesothelioma treatments are the most effective for the patient. This may include chemotherapy, surgery, or radiation therapy. Some patients will also opt to undergo immunotherapy. This newer form of mesothelioma treatment could improve a patient's quality of life and improve their chances of survival. Treatment Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the tissues that line and protect organs like the lungs, stomach (peritoneal) or heart, or testicles. Although mesothelioma is not curable, it can be treated but treatment can help manage symptoms. Your doctor will inquire about your health background and will look for signs of mesothelioma. Your doctor will also inquire about your asbestos exposure, since asbestos is the most significant risk factor for mesothelioma. north charleston asbestos law firm to asbestos can cause asbestos fibers to get trapped in the tissues of the chest cavity and tummy, or the heart (mesothelium). As time passes this causes inflammation, and can transform normal cells into cancerous ones. Mesothelioma is diagnosed with imaging tests and blood tests. Your healthcare provider will use an X-ray chest scan to observe changes in the lung tissue and determine if you have fluid build-up (pleural effusion). Your provider will order MRI, CT scan or FDG-positron emission tomography (PET) to obtain precise images of the affected area. They will also perform an incision using a needle to collect a sample of the affected tissue. A pathologist, also known as a mesothelioma specialist, will look at the tissue with a magnifying lens to detect cancerous cells and determine the kind. To make the diagnosis, the doctor will stain the sample using a dye which shows up when certain types of protein are present. The doctor will then employ an instrument to magnify the tissue. It can be difficult to identify mesothelioma since the cells that cause it appear similar to those of other types of cells within the body. Your care team will try to confirm the mesothelioma diagnosis by performing other tests. These tests include an analysis of blood samples to determine the levels of fibulin-3 or mesothelin related peptide that is soluble. Your healthcare team will determine the best treatment plan for mesothelioma depending on the type of cancer and stage. The most commonly used mesothelioma treatment options are surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. If your mesothelioma is at an advanced stages you could also be offered palliative care to relieve discomfort and other symptoms. Prognosis The prognosis for mesothelioma is determined by the type and stage cancer as well as other factors such as age and general health. Patients should work with experienced doctors to learn more about the treatment options available to them. Asbestos fibers can cause damage to tissues that line vital organs and protect them. These asbestos fibers are inhaled or consumed, and they can cause genetic changes and inflammation that can transform normal cells into mesothelioma tumours. The most common mesothelioma forms are pleural mesothelioma, which occurs in the lung lining and the chest cavity (pleura), and mesothelioma peritoneal, a less common type that is found in the protective lining of the abdomen. Doctors diagnose mesothelioma using symptoms, lab tests and X-rays. They may also recommend a biopsied to confirm the diagnosis. A biopsy is the process of taking small amounts of tissue to test. Doctors can then compare samples of the biopsy to a database to determine the most likely mesothelioma cell type. This information can help them predict the mesothelioma-related life expectancy of a patient and treatment plan. The three mesothelioma types are epithelioid, epithelial and epithelial cells as well as sarcomatoid and biphasic cells. Each mesothelioma forms at a different pace and responds differently to treatment. Epithelioid mesothelioma is responsible for 60% to 80% of cases and has a higher survival rate than sarcomatoid or biphasic mesothelioma. Mesothelioma can develop up to 50 years after exposure to asbestos. Many patients don't get a diagnosis of mesothelioma until they have severe symptoms. Asbestos-related victims should disclose their exposure to a physician and have regular checkups. In these visits, doctors will look for signs of asbestos-related exposure like scarring around the lungs or other respiratory problems. They can also perform an easy blood test to determine the health of the patient. If the results show that an individual is at a an increased risk of mesothelioma, they can schedule additional tests to determine if they are likely to develop an outlook. This could include imaging tests like X radiations, CT scans, and ultrasounds, as well lung function tests or chest MRI, or PET scan.